Menene bugun jini huɗu na injin bugun bugun jini?

Menene bugun jini huɗu na injin bugun bugun jini?

Injin sake zagayowar bugun jini huduInjin konewa ne na ciki wanda ke amfani da bugunan piston daban-daban guda huɗu (ci, matsawa, ƙarfi da shayewa) don kammala zagayowar aiki. Piston yana kammala cikakken bugun jini guda biyu a cikin silinda don kammala zagayowar aiki. Zagayowar aiki ɗaya yana buƙatar crankshaft ya juya sau biyu, wato, 720°.

Injin sake zagayowar bugun jini huɗu sune mafi yawan nau'in ƙananan injuna. Injin bugun bugun jini guda huɗu yana kammala bugun jini guda biyar a cikin zagayowar aiki ɗaya, waɗanda suka haɗa da bugun jini, bugun bugun jini, bugun wuta, bugun wuta da bugun shaye-shaye.

Shan bugun jini

Lamarin da ake sha yana nufin lokacin da aka gabatar da cakuda man iska don cika ɗakin konewa. Lamarin ci yana faruwa lokacin da fistan ya motsa daga tsakiyar matattu zuwa ƙasa mataccen cibiyar kuma bawul ɗin ci ya buɗe. Motsin fistan zuwa tsakiyar matattu yana haifar da ƙarancin matsa lamba a cikin silinda. Matsin yanayi na yanayi yana tilasta cakuda man iskar mai a cikin silinda ta buɗaɗɗen bawul ɗin ci don cika ƙananan matsa lamba da motsin piston ya haifar. Silinda ya ci gaba da cika dan kadan fiye da matattun cibiyar yayin da cakuda man iska ke ci gaba da gudana tare da nasa inertia kuma fistan ya fara canza alkibla. Bayan BDC, bawul ɗin ci yana kasancewa a buɗe don ƴan digiri na jujjuyawar crankshaft. Ya dogara da ƙirar injin. Bawul ɗin sha yana rufewa kuma an rufe cakuda man iska a cikin silinda.

Matsawa bugun jiniBuguwar matsawa shine lokacin da aka danne cakudar man iska a cikin silinda. An rufe ɗakin konewa don ƙirƙirar caji. Cajin shine ƙarar daɗaɗɗen cakuda iskar mai a cikin ɗakin konewa da aka shirya don kunnawa. Matsa cakuda iska da man fetur yana fitar da ƙarin kuzari yayin kunna wuta. Dole ne a rufe bawul ɗin ci da shaye-shaye don tabbatar da an kulle silinda don samar da matsawa. Matsi shine tsari na ragewa ko matse cajin a cikin ɗakin konewa daga babban ƙara zuwa ƙarami. Ƙaƙwalwar tashi yana taimakawa kiyaye ƙarfin da ake buƙata don damfara cajin.

Lokacin da piston na injin ya matsa cajin, haɓakar ƙarfin matsawa da aikin da piston yayi yana haifar da haɓakar zafi. Matsawa da dumama tururin man iska a cikin cajin yana haifar da ƙara yawan zafin jiki da haɓakar mai. Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana faruwa a ko'ina cikin ɗakin konewa don samar da saurin konewa (haɗin mai) bayan kunnawa.

Tushen man fetur yana ƙaruwa lokacin da ƙananan ɗigon mai suka yi tururi gaba ɗaya saboda zafin da aka haifar. Ƙararren sararin samaniya na ɗigon ruwa da aka fallasa zuwa harshen wuta yana ba da damar ƙarin konawa na cajin a cikin ɗakin konewa. Tururin mai kawai zai kunna. Ƙaƙƙarfan sararin samaniya na ɗigon ruwa yana sa man fetur ya sake fitar da tururi maimakon sauran ruwa.

Yayin da ƙwayoyin tururin da aka caje ke daɗa matsawa, ana samun ƙarin kuzari daga tsarin konewa. Ƙarfin da ake buƙata don damfara cajin ya fi ƙasa da ribar da aka samu a lokacin konewa. Misali, a cikin ƙaramin injin da aka saba, ƙarfin da ake buƙata don matsa cajin shine kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na makamashin da ake samarwa yayin konewa.

Matsakaicin matsi na injin shine kwatancen ƙarar ɗakin konewa lokacin da piston yake a ƙasa mataccen cibiyar zuwa ƙarar ɗakin konewa lokacin da piston yake a tsakiyar matattu. Wannan yanki, haɗe tare da zane da kuma salon ɗakin konewa, yana ƙayyade ƙimar matsawa. Injunan man fetur yawanci suna da rabon matsawa na 6 zuwa 1 zuwa 10 zuwa 1. Mafi girman adadin matsewar, injin ɗin yana da inganci. Matsakaicin matsi mafi girma yawanci yana ƙaruwa da matsa lamba na konewa ko ƙarfin aiki akan fistan. Koyaya, ƙimar matsawa mafi girma yana ƙara ƙoƙarin da mai aiki ke buƙata don fara injin. Wasu ƙananan injuna suna da tsarin da ke sauke matsa lamba yayin bugun bugun jini don rage ƙoƙarin da mai aiki ke buƙata lokacin fara injin.

Lamarin ƙonewaWani lamari na ƙonewa (konewa) yana faruwa lokacin da aka kunna caji da sauri ta hanyar sinadari don sakin makamashin zafi. Konewa wani saurin sinadari ne na oxidative wanda man fetur ya haɗu da sinadarai tare da iskar oxygen na yanayi kuma yana fitar da kuzari a yanayin zafi.

Konewar da ta dace ta ƙunshi ɗan gajeren lokaci amma ƙayyadaddun lokacin da wutar ke yadawa cikin ɗakin konewar. Tartsatsin tartsatsin wuta yana farawa da konewa lokacin da ƙugiya ta juya kusan 20° kafin tsakiyar matattu. Ana cinye iskar oxygen da tururin man fetur ta gaban harshen wuta mai tasowa. Gaban harshen wuta shine bangon iyaka wanda ke raba cajin daga abubuwan konewa. Gaban harshen wuta yana wucewa ta ɗakin konewa har sai an ƙone duka cajin.

bugun jini

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine injin da ke aiki da bugun jini wanda iskar gas mai zafi ke tilasta kan piston daga kan silinda. Ƙarfin piston da motsi na gaba ana watsa shi ta hanyar haɗin haɗin don amfani da juzu'i zuwa crankshaft. Ƙunƙarar da aka yi amfani da ita tana fara juyawa na crankshaft. Ana ƙayyade adadin ƙarfin da aka samar ta hanyar matsa lamba akan piston, girman piston da bugun jini na injin. Yayin bugun wutar lantarki, duka bawuloli suna rufe.

Shanyewar shanyewar shayewar shaye-shaye na faruwa ne lokacin da aka fitar da iskar gas daga ɗakin konewa kuma aka sake shi cikin yanayi. Bugawar shaye-shaye shine bugun ƙarshe na ƙarshe kuma yana faruwa lokacin da bututun shaye-shaye ya buɗe kuma bawul ɗin ci ya rufe. Motsin fistan yana fitar da iskar gas mai fitar da iskar gas zuwa cikin yanayi.

Lokacin da fistan ya isa wurin da ya mutu a lokacin bugun wutar lantarki, konewa ya cika kuma silinda ya cika da iskar gas. Bawul ɗin shaye-shaye yana buɗewa, kuma rashin kuzarin tashi da sauran sassa masu motsi suna tura piston zuwa saman matattu cibiyar, wanda ya tilasta fitar da iskar gas ɗin ta buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen shayarwa. A ƙarshen shaye-shaye, piston yana a saman mataccen cibiyar kuma an kammala zagayowar aiki.