Nibihe bine bya moteri ya moteri enye?

Nibihe bine bya moteri ya moteri enye?

Moteri yinzira enyeni moteri yo gutwika imbere ikoresha piston enye zitandukanye (gufata, kwikuramo, imbaraga hamwe numuriro) kugirango urangize ukwezi. Piston irangiza imirongo ibiri yuzuye muri silinderi kugirango irangize ukwezi. Inzira imwe ikora isaba igikonjo kuzunguruka kabiri, ni ukuvuga 720 °.

Imashini enye zikoresha moteri nubwoko busanzwe bwa moteri nto. Moteri yimodoka enye irangiza gukubita inshuro eshanu mugihe cyakazi kimwe, harimo gufata gufata, gufata compression, inkongi y'umuriro, inkubi y'umuyaga na stroke.

Kwifata

Ibyabaye byo gufata bivuga igihe imvange ya peteroli ivanze kugirango yuzuze icyumba cyaka. Ikintu cyo gufata kibaho mugihe piston yimutse kuva hejuru yapfuye ikajya hagati yapfuye hanyuma valve ikingura. Kugenda kwa piston yerekeza hepfo yapfuye bitera umuvuduko muke muri silinderi. Umuvuduko ukabije w'ikirere uhatira ivangwa rya peteroli yo mu kirere muri silinderi unyuze mu cyuma gifunguye kugira ngo wuzuze agace k'umuvuduko muke watewe na piston. Silinderi ikomeje kuzura gato hejuru yikigo cyapfuye nkuko imvange ya lisansi ikomeza gutembera hamwe nubusembure bwayo hanyuma piston itangira guhindura icyerekezo. Nyuma ya BDC, gufata valve ikomeza gufungura kuri dogere nkeya ya crankshaft. Biterwa nigishushanyo cya moteri. Umuyoboro wo gufata noneho urafunga kandi ivangwa rya peteroli yo mu kirere bifunze muri silinderi.

Kwikomeretsa Kwikomeretsa ni igihe cyo kuvanga umwuka-mwuka wafashwe wafunzwe muri silinderi. Icyumba cyo gutwika gifunze kugirango habeho kwishyuza. Kwishyuza nubunini bwikomatanyirizo ryumuyaga-lisansi ivanze imbere mucyumba cyaka cyiteguye gutwikwa. Gucomeka ivangwa rya peteroli ivanze irekura imbaraga nyinshi mugihe cyo gutwika. Ibyingenzi byo gufata no gusohora bigomba gufungwa kugirango silinderi ifunzwe kugirango itange compression. Kwiyunvira ni inzira yo kugabanya cyangwa gukanda amafaranga mu cyumba cyaka kuva mu bunini kugeza ku gipimo gito. Isazi ifasha kugumana umuvuduko ukenewe kugirango ugabanye amafaranga.

Iyo piston ya moteri ihagarika amafaranga, kwiyongera kwingufu zo guhagarika zitangwa nakazi kakozwe na piston bivamo kubyara ubushyuhe. Kwiyunvira no gushyushya imyuka yo mu kirere biva mu kirere bituma ubushyuhe bwiyongera ndetse no kongera umwuka wa peteroli. Ubwiyongere bwubushyuhe bwumuriro buba buringaniye mucyumba cyo gutwika kugirango bitange umuriro wihuse (okiside ya lisansi) nyuma yo gutwikwa.

Umwuka wa lisansi wiyongera iyo ibitonyanga bito bya peteroli bihumeka cyane kubera ubushyuhe butangwa. Ubuso bwiyongereye bwubuso bwibitonyanga byerekanwe kumuriro ugurumana bituma hashobora gutwikwa byuzuye mumashanyarazi mucyumba cyaka. Umwuka wa lisansi gusa uzashya. Ubwiyongere bwubuso bwibitonyanga butera lisansi irekura imyuka myinshi aho kuba amazi asigaye.

Iyo molekile zishushe zishushe, niko imbaraga zunguka muburyo bwo gutwika. Ingufu zisabwa kugirango ugabanye kwishyurwa ni nkeya cyane kuruta inyungu zakozwe mugihe cyo gutwikwa. Kurugero, muri moteri isanzwe, ingufu zisabwa kugirango ugabanye kwishyurwa ni kimwe cya kane cyingufu zakozwe mugihe cyo gutwikwa.

Ikigereranyo cyo kwikuramo moteri nikigereranyo cyubunini bwicyumba cyaka iyo piston iri munsi yapfuye hagati nubunini bwicyumba cyaka iyo piston iri hejuru yapfuye. Aka gace, gahujwe nigishushanyo nuburyo bwa chambre yaka, bigena igipimo cyo kwikuramo. Moteri ya lisansi mubusanzwe ifite igipimo cyo kwikuramo cya 6 kugeza kuri 1 kugeza 10 kugeza kuri 1. Iyo igipimo cyo guhunika, niko moteri ikora neza. Ikigereranyo cyo guhunika cyane mubisanzwe byongera cyane umuvuduko wo gutwikwa cyangwa imbaraga zikora kuri piston. Ariko, igipimo cyo hejuru cyo kwikuramo cyongera imbaraga zisabwa nuwashinzwe gutangiza moteri. Moteri nto zimwe zifite sisitemu zigabanya umuvuduko mugihe cyo kwikuramo kugirango ugabanye imbaraga zisabwa nuwabikoraga mugihe utangiye moteri.

ibyabaye byo gutwikaIbintu byo gutwika (gutwikwa) bibaho mugihe umuriro watse kandi bigahinduka okiside byihuse binyuze mumiti yo kurekura ingufu zumuriro. Gutwika ni uburyo bwihuse bwa okiside ya chimique aho lisansi ikomatanya na ogisijeni yo mu kirere kandi ikarekura ingufu muburyo bwubushyuhe.

Gutwika neza bikubiyemo igihe gito ariko kigarukira aho urumuri rukwirakwira mu cyumba cyaka. Ikibatsi kiri mumashanyarazi gitangira gutwikwa mugihe igikonjo kizunguruka hafi 20 ° mbere yikigo cyapfuye. Umwuka wa ogisijeni wa Atmospheric na lisansi ikoreshwa na flame imbere. Imbere ya flame ni urukuta rwimbibi rutandukanya amafaranga no gutwikwa nibicuruzwa. Imbere ya flame inyura mucyumba cyaka kugeza igihe cyose umuriro watse.

amashanyarazi

Imbaraga za moteri ni moteri ikora aho imyuka ishyushye yaguka ihatira umutwe wa piston kure yumutwe wa silinderi. Imbaraga za piston hamwe nigikorwa gikurikiraho zinyuzwa mu nkoni ihuza kugirango ushyire urumuri kuri crankshaft. Umuyoboro washyizweho utangira kuzunguruka kuri crankshaft. Ingano ya torque yakozwe igenwa numuvuduko kuri piston, ubunini bwa piston hamwe na moteri ya moteri. Mugihe cyamashanyarazi, valve zombi zarafunzwe.

Umuvuduko ukabije Umuhengeri ubaho iyo imyuka isohotse yirukanwe mu cyumba cyaka kandi ikarekurwa mu kirere. Umwuka usohoka ni inkoni ya nyuma kandi ubaho iyo valve isohoka ifunguye na valve yo gufata. Kugenda kwa piston birukana imyuka isohoka mu kirere.

Iyo piston igeze hepfo yapfuye mugihe cyumuriro wamashanyarazi, gutwikwa birarangiye kandi silinderi yuzuyemo imyuka yuzuye. Umuyoboro usohoka urakinguka, hanyuma inertia ya flawheel nibindi bice bigenda isunika piston isubira hejuru yapfuye, bigatuma imyuka isohoka isohoka binyuze mumashanyarazi afunguye. Iyo impanuka irangiye, piston iri hejuru yapfuye kandi ukwezi kurangiye.